Sql запрос insert into

Практическое упражнение № 2:

На основании таблицы contacts и customers, вставить в таблицу contacts всех customers, которые проживают в штате Nevada.

Oracle PL/SQL

—создаем contacts
CREATE TABLE contacts
( contact_id number(10) not null,
last_name varchar2(50) not null,
first_name varchar2(50) not null,
address varchar2(50),
city varchar2(50),
state varchar2(20),
zip_code varchar2(10),
CONSTRAINT contacts_pk PRIMARY KEY (contact_id)
);
—создаем customers
CREATE TABLE customers
( customer_id number(10) not null,
last_name varchar2(50) not null,
first_name varchar2(50) not null,
address varchar2(50),
city varchar2(50),
state varchar2(20),
zip_code varchar2(10),
CONSTRAINT customers_pk PRIMARY KEY (customer_id)
);

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—создаем contacts

CREATETABLEcontacts
(contact_idnumber(10)notnull,

last_namevarchar2(50)notnull,

first_namevarchar2(50)notnull,

addressvarchar2(50),

cityvarchar2(50),

statevarchar2(20),

zip_codevarchar2(10),

CONSTRAINTcontacts_pkPRIMARYKEY(contact_id)
);
—создаем customers

CREATETABLEcustomers
(customer_idnumber(10)notnull,

last_namevarchar2(50)notnull,

first_namevarchar2(50)notnull,

addressvarchar2(50),

cityvarchar2(50),

statevarchar2(20),

zip_codevarchar2(10),

CONSTRAINTcustomers_pkPRIMARYKEY(customer_id)
);

Решение для практического упражнения № 2:

Следующий оператор Oracle INSERT вставит запись в таблицу customers:

Oracle PL/SQL

INSERT INTO contacts
(contact_id, last_name, first_name, address, city, state, zip_code)
SELECT customer_id,
last_name,
first_name,
address,
city,
state,
zip_code
FROM customers
WHERE state = ‘Nevada’;

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INSERTINTOcontacts
(contact_id,last_name,first_name,address,city,state,zip_code)

SELECTcustomer_id,

last_name,

first_name,

address,

city,

state,

zip_code

FROMcustomers

WHEREstate=’Nevada’;

Так как количество полей в таблицах contacts и customers одинаковы и поля перечислены в том же порядке, то вы могли бы записать решение следующим образом (хотя это, как правило, лучшая практика, перечислить весь список имен столбцов в случае изменения определения таблицы):

Oracle PL/SQL

INSERT INTO contacts
SELECT *
FROM customers
WHERE state = ‘Nevada’;

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INSERTINTOcontacts

SELECT*

FROMcustomers

WHEREstate=’Nevada’;

SQL INSERT INTO SELECT Examples

The following SQL statement copies «Suppliers» into «Customers» (the columns
that are not filled with data, will contain NULL):

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName,
City, Country)
SELECT SupplierName, City, Country FROM Suppliers;

The following SQL statement copies «Suppliers» into «Customers» (fill all
columns):

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode,
Country)SELECT SupplierName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode,
Country FROM Suppliers;

The following SQL statement copies only the German suppliers into «Customers»:

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName,
City, Country)
SELECT SupplierName, City, Country FROM SuppliersWHERE Country=’Germany’;

Insert Into Table

To fill a table in MySQL, use the «INSERT INTO» statement.

Example

Insert a record in the «customers» table:

var mysql = require(‘mysql’);var con = mysql.createConnection({
host: «localhost», user: «yourusername», password: «yourpassword»,
database: «mydb»
});con.connect(function(err) { if (err) throw err; console.log(«Connected!»); var sql = «INSERT INTO customers (name, address)
VALUES (‘Company Inc’, ‘Highway 37’)»;
con.query(sql, function (err, result) { if (err) throw err; console.log(«1 record inserted»); });});

Save the code above in a file called «demo_db_insert.js», and run the file:

Run «demo_db_insert.js»

C:\Users\Your Name>node demo_db_insert.js

Which will give you this result:

Connected!1 record inserted

Introduction to the MySQL INSERT statement

The statement allows you to insert one or more rows into a table. The following illustrates the syntax of the statement:

In this syntax,

First, specify the table name and a list of comma-separated columns inside parentheses after the clause.
Then, put a comma-separated list of values of the corresponding columns inside the parentheses following the keyword.

The number of columns and values must be the same. In addition, the positions of columns must be corresponding with the positions of their values.

To insert multiple rows into a table using a single statement, you use the following syntax:

In this syntax, rows are separated by commas in the clause.

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INSERT INTO Example

The following SQL statement inserts a new record in the «Customers» table:

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode, Country)
VALUES (‘Cardinal’, ‘Tom B. Erichsen’, ‘Skagen 21’, ‘Stavanger’, ‘4006’, ‘Norway’);

The selection from the «Customers» table will now look like this:

CustomerID	CustomerName	ContactName	Address	City	PostalCode	Country
89	White Clover Markets	Karl Jablonski	305 — 14th Ave. S. Suite 3B	Seattle	98128	USA
90	Wilman Kala	Matti Karttunen	Keskuskatu 45	Helsinki	21240	Finland
91	Wolski	Zbyszek	ul. Filtrowa 68	Walla	01-012	Poland
92	Cardinal	Tom B. Erichsen	Skagen 21	Stavanger	4006	Norway

Did you notice that we did not insert any number into the CustomerID
field?The CustomerID column is
an auto-increment field and will be
generated automatically when a new record is inserted into the table.

Insert Data SQL Server with OUTPUT INSERTED

A bonus way we can generate data is via an existing statement. When we execute any write operation, we may output data from before or after the change to another table. Here is an example of how this looks:

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CREATETABLE#account_ids

(account_idINTNOTNULLPRIMARYKEYCLUSTERED);

UPDATEaccount

SETis_active=1

OUTPUTINSERTED.account_id

INTO#account_ids

FROMdbo.account

WHEREaccount_type=’LIVE’;

SELECT*FROM#account_ids;

DROPTABLE#account_ids;

The goal above is to update all accounts of type “LIVE” to be active. We also want to return the account_id for each account that was updated. Using OUTPUT INSERTED allows us to accomplish both tasks in a single set-based solution. The results show us which IDs were affected by the update statement:

INSERTED will contain all columns in the table as they appear after changes have been applied. Similarly, DELETED will contain the previous versions. We can mix and match these for maximum effect:

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CREATETABLE#account_ids

(account_idINTNOTNULLPRIMARYKEYCLUSTERED,is_active_previousBITNOTNULL,is_active_currentBITNOTNULL);

UPDATEaccount

SETis_active=

OUTPUTINSERTED.account_id,

DELETED.is_active,

INSERTED.is_active

INTO#account_ids

FROMdbo.account

WHEREaccount_type=’LIVE’;

SELECT*FROM#account_ids;

DROPTABLE#account_ids;

The results show that we not only captured the account IDs, but also the previous and new values for the is_active flag. This is a huge convenience as we can use OUTPUT INSERTED in INSERT, DELETE, UPDATE, and MERGE statements to quickly pull before & after data for use in additional processing.

This is a far superior solution to iteration and/or using SCOPE_IDENTITY() and is the only easy way to capture data in this fashion with so little code. OUTPUT INSERTED is a great method for getting before & after data from DML statements. It is also useful for collecting a list of rows that were altered in a given TSQL statement, so we can take additional actions or report on them as needed.

INSERT INTO SELECT

The command copies data
from one table and inserts it into another table.

The following SQL copies «Suppliers» into «Customers» (the columns
that are not filled with data, will contain NULL):

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName,
City, Country)
SELECT SupplierName, City, Country FROM Suppliers;

The following SQL copies «Suppliers» into «Customers» (fill all
columns):

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode,
Country)SELECT SupplierName, ContactName, Address, City, PostalCode,
Country FROM Suppliers;

The following SQL copies only the German suppliers into «Customers»:

Example

INSERT INTO Customers (CustomerName,
City, Country)
SELECT SupplierName, City, Country FROM SuppliersWHERE Country=’Germany’;

Добавление данных. Команда Insert

Последнее обновление: 13.07.2017

Для добавления данных применяется команда INSERT, которая имеет следующий формальный синтаксис:

INSERT  имя_таблицы  VALUES (значение1, значение2, ... значениеN)

Вначале идет выражение INSERT INTO, затем в скобках можно указать список столбцов через запятую, в которые надо добавлять данные, и
в конце после слова VALUES скобках перечисляют добавляемые для столбцов значения.

Например, пусть ранее была создана следующая база данных:

CREATE DATABASE productsdb;
GO
USE productsdb;
CREATE TABLE Products
(
	Id INT IDENTITY PRIMARY KEY,
	ProductName NVARCHAR(30) NOT NULL,
	Manufacturer NVARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
	ProductCount INT DEFAULT 0,
	Price MONEY NOT NULL
)

Добавим в нее одну строку с помощью команды INSERT:

INSERT Products VALUES ('iPhone 7', 'Apple', 5, 52000)

После удачного выполнения в SQL Server Management Studio в поле сообщений должно появиться сообщение «1 row(s) affected»:

Стоит учитывать, что значения для столбцов в скобках после ключевого слова VALUES передаются по порядку их объявления. Например, в выражении
CREATE TABLE выше можно увидеть, что первым столбцом идет Id. Но так как для него задан атрибут IDENTITY, то значение этого столбца автоматически генерируется, и его можно не указывать.
Второй столбец представляет ProductName, поэтому первое значение — строка «iPhone 7» будет передано именно этому столбцу.
Второе значение — строка «Apple» будет передана третьему столбцу Manufacturer и так далее. То есть значения передаются столбцам
следующим образом:

ProductName: ‘iPhone 7’
Manufacturer: ‘Apple’
ProductCount: 5
Price: 52000

Также при вводе значений можно указать непосредственные столбцы, в которые будут добавляться значения:

INSERT INTO Products (ProductName, Price, Manufacturer) 
VALUES ('iPhone 6S', 41000, 'Apple')

Здесь значение указывается только для трех столбцов. Причем теперь значения передаются в порядке следования столбцов:

ProductName: ‘iPhone 6S’
Manufacturer: ‘Apple’
Price: 41000

Для неуказанных столбцов (в данном случае ProductCount) будет добавляться значение по умолчанию, если задан атрибут DEFAULT, или
значение NULL. При этом неуказанные столбцы должны допускать значение NULL или иметь атрибут DEFAULT.

Также мы можем добавить сразу несколько строк:

INSERT INTO Products 
VALUES 
('iPhone 6', 'Apple', 3, 36000),
('Galaxy S8', 'Samsung', 2, 46000),
('Galaxy S8 Plus', 'Samsung', 1, 56000)

В данном случае в таблицу будут добавлены три строки.

Также при добавлении мы можем указать, чтобы для столбца использовалось значение по умолчанию с помощью ключевого слова DEFAULT или значение NULL:

INSERT INTO Products (ProductName, Manufacturer, ProductCount, Price)
VALUES ('Mi6', 'Xiaomi', DEFAULT, 28000)

В данном случае для столбца ProductCount будет использовано значение по умолчанию (если оно установлено, если его нет — то NULL).

Если все столбцы имеют атрибут DEFAULT, определяющий значение по умолчанию, или допускают значение NULL, то можно для всех столбцов вставить
значения по умолчанию:

INSERT INTO Products
DEFAULT VALUES

Но если брать таблицу Products, то подобная команда завершится с ошибкой, так как несколько полей не имеют атрибута DEFAULT и при этом не допускают значение NULL.

НазадВперед

MySQL INSERT examples

Let’s create a new table named for practicing the statement.

1) MySQL – simple example

The following statement inserts a new row into the table:

MySQL returns the following message:

It means that one row has been inserted into the table successfully.

This query returns data from the table:

Here is the output:

In this example, we specified the values for only and columns. For other columns, MySQL uses the default values.

The column is an column. It means that MySQL generates a sequential integer whenever a row is inserted into the table.

The , , and columns use as the default value, therefore, MySQL uses to insert into these columns if you don’t specify their values in the statement.

2) MySQL – Inserting rows using default value example

If you want to insert a default value into a column, you have two ways:

Ignore both the column name and value in the statement.
Specify the column name in the clause and use the keyword in the clause.

The following example demonstrates the second way:

In this example, we specified the column and the keyword.

Because the default value for the column is 3 as declared in the table definition:

MySQL uses the number 3 to insert into the column.

The following statement returns the contents of the table after the insert:

3) MySQL – Inserting dates into the table example

To insert a literal date value into a column, you use the following format:

In this format:

represents a four-digit year e.g., 2018.
represents a two-digit month e.g., 01, 02, and 12.
represents a two-digit day e.g., 01, 02, 30.

The following statement inserts a new row to the table with the start and due date values:

The following picture shows the contents of the table after the insert:

It is possible to use expressions in the clause. For example, the following statement adds a new task using the current date for start date and due date columns:

In this example, we used the function as the values for the and columns. Note that the function is a date function that returns the current system date.

Here are the contents of the table after insert:

4) MySQL – Inserting multiple rows example

The following statement inserts three rows into the table:

In this example, each row data is specified as a list of values in the clause.

MySQL returns the following message:

It means that the three rows have been inserted successfully with no duplicates or warnings.

The table has the following data:

In this tutorial, you have learned how to use the MySQL statement to add one or more rows into a table.

Was this tutorial helpful?

SQL INSERT statement – insert one row into a table

The following illustrates the statement that inserts a single row into an existing table.

1 2	INSERTINTOtable(column1,column2,…) VALUES(value1,value2,…);

To insert a row into a table, you need to specify three things:

First, the table, which you want to insert a new row, in the clause.
Second, a comma-separated list of columns in the table surrounded by parentheses.
Third, a comma-separated list of values surrounded by parentheses in the clause.

The list of columns must have the same number of elements as the list of values, or the database engine will issue an error.

Let’s take a look at the following table:

1 2	INSERTINTOshippers(companyname,phone) VALUES(‘Alliance Shippers’,’1-800-222-0451′);

Two constants, and are specified in the clause. The database engine inserted them into the and columns respectively.

After executing the statement, the database server returns a message to indicate the number of affected rows. In this case, we get a message “1 row affected” informed that a new row has been inserted successfully.

Notice that we didn’t specify the column in the columns list because the column is an column, the database engine generates the next sequence for it automatically whenever a new row is inserted into the table.

To help you write less code, SQL provides a shorter form of the statement as follows:

1 2	INSERTINTOtable VALUES(value1,value2,…)

In this form, the list of values must have the same order as the list of columns in the table. If you use this form of the statement, you must supply values for all columns except the column.

It is good practice to use the column names in the statement to make the code easier to maintain.

The following statement has the same effect as the one above:

1 2	INSERTINTOshippers VALUES(‘Alliance Shippers’,’1-800-222-0451′);

SQL References

Advanced Functions
BIN
BINARY
CASE
CAST
COALESCE
CONNECTION_ID
CONV
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
DATABASE
IF
IFNULL
ISNULL
LAST_INSERT_ID
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SYSTEM_USER
USER
VERSION

Numeric Functions
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATN2
AVG
CEILING
COUNT
COS
COT
DEGREES
EXP
FLOOR
LOG
LOG10
MAX
MIN
PI
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SQUARE
SUM
TAN

Date Functions
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
DATEADD
DATEDIFF
DATEFROMPARTS
DATENAME
DATEPART
DAY
GETDATE
GETUTCDATE
ISDATE
MONTH
SYSDATETIME
YEAR

Advanced Functions
CAST
COALESCE
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
IIF
ISNULL
ISNUMERIC
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SESSIONPROPERTY
SYSTEM_USER
USER_NAME

MS Access Functions
String Functions
Asc
Chr
Concat with &
CurDir
Format
InStr
InstrRev
LCase
Left
Len
LTrim
Mid
Replace
Right
RTrim
Space
Split
Str
StrComp
StrConv
StrReverse
Trim
UCase

Numeric Functions
Abs
Atn
Avg
Cos
Count
Exp
Fix
Format
Int
Max
Min
Randomize
Rnd
Round
Sgn
Sqr
Sum
Val

Date Functions
Date
DateAdd
DateDiff
DatePart
DateSerial
DateValue
Day
Format
Hour
Minute
Month
MonthName
Now
Second
Time
TimeSerial
TimeValue
Weekday
WeekdayName
Year

Other Functions
CurrentUser
Environ
IsDate
IsNull
IsNumeric

SQL OperatorsSQL Data TypesSQL Quick Ref