Oracle pl/sql оператор with
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Syntax and Parameters
TRIM Syntax and Parameters
The syntax of the Oracle TRIM function is:
You can optionally specify one of LEADING, TRAILING or BOTH for this function. You can also specify the trim_character, but if you do, you need the FROM word.
The parameters of the TRIM function are:
- LEADING (optional): If you specify LEADING, the function removes the trim_character from the beginning of the trim_source string.
- TRAILING (optional): If you specify TRAILING, the function removes the trim_character from the end of the trim_source string.
- BOTH (optional): If you specify BOTH, the function removes the trim_character from the beginning and the end of the trim_source string.
- trim_character FROM (optional): This is the character to remove from the trim_source string. If this is not specified, then a space is used. If it is a literal value, it needs to be in single quotes.
- trim_source (mandatory): This is the string value that characters are removed from.
Some additional points to remember for this function:
- If you don’t specify LEADING, TRAILING, or BOTH, the function performs the same action as though you specified BOTH. As in, it removes characters from the beginning and the end of the string.
- Both trim_character and trim_source can be any of CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, CLOB or NCLOB.
- The function returns a VARCHAR2 data type if the trim_source is a character data type, or LOB if the trim_source is a LOB data type. It is also returned in the same character set as trim_source.
- You can use the CHR function as the trim_character if needed. For example, using CHR(100).
LTRIM Syntax and Parameters
The LTRIM function syntax is:
The parameters of the LTRIM function are:
- input_string (mandatory): This is the string to remove characters from the left-hand side of.
- trim_string (optional): This is the string to be removed from the input_string. If it is not specified, a space is used, and all spaces are removed from the left of the input_string.
Some points to note about LTRIM:
- If the trim_string is a literal value, you need to include it inside single quotes. For example, to remove an underscore, you need to specify it as ‘_’
- Both input_string and trim_string can be of data type CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, CLOB, or NCLOB.
- The returned value is a VARCHAR2 data type if the input types are CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR or NVARCHAR2, and the returned value is a LOB data type if the input types are LOB or CLOB.
- The trim_string can be more than one character
- The function removes each individual value inside trim_string, not the string as a whole. See the Examples section below for more information.
RTRIM Syntax and Parameters
The syntax for the Oracle RTRIM function is:
The parameters of the RTRIM function are:
- input_string (mandatory): This is the string that will have the characters trimmed from it.
- trim_string (optional): This is the value to trim or remove from the input_string. If it is omitted, a space character is used for trimming.
The R in RTRIM stands for Right, because it removes the characters from the right of the string.
Some other points to remember:
- If the trim_string is a literal value, you need to include it inside single quotes. For example, to remove an underscore, you need to specify it as ‘_’
- Both parameters can be any of the types CHAR, VARCHAR2, NCHAR, NVARCHAR2, CLOB, or NCLOB.
- The string returned is a VARCHAR2 data type if the input_string was a character, and LOB if it was a LOB data type.
- The trim_string can be more than one character
- The function removes each individual value inside trim_string, not the string as a whole. See the Examples section below for more information.
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ADD
ADD CONSTRAINT
ALTER
ALTER COLUMN
ALTER TABLE
ALL
AND
ANY
AS
ASC
BACKUP DATABASE
BETWEEN
CASE
CHECK
COLUMN
CONSTRAINT
CREATE
CREATE DATABASE
CREATE INDEX
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW
CREATE TABLE
CREATE PROCEDURE
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
CREATE VIEW
DATABASE
DEFAULT
DELETE
DESC
DISTINCT
DROP
DROP COLUMN
DROP CONSTRAINT
DROP DATABASE
DROP DEFAULT
DROP INDEX
DROP TABLE
DROP VIEW
EXEC
EXISTS
FOREIGN KEY
FROM
FULL OUTER JOIN
GROUP BY
HAVING
IN
INDEX
INNER JOIN
INSERT INTO
INSERT INTO SELECT
IS NULL
IS NOT NULL
JOIN
LEFT JOIN
LIKE
LIMIT
NOT
NOT NULL
OR
ORDER BY
OUTER JOIN
PRIMARY KEY
PROCEDURE
RIGHT JOIN
ROWNUM
SELECT
SELECT DISTINCT
SELECT INTO
SELECT TOP
SET
TABLE
TOP
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UNION
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UPDATE
VALUES
VIEW
WHERE
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String Functions
ASCII
CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER_LENGTH
CONCAT
CONCAT_WS
FIELD
FIND_IN_SET
FORMAT
INSERT
INSTR
LCASE
LEFT
LENGTH
LOCATE
LOWER
LPAD
LTRIM
MID
POSITION
REPEAT
REPLACE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RPAD
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SPACE
STRCMP
SUBSTR
SUBSTRING
SUBSTRING_INDEX
TRIM
UCASE
UPPER
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ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
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AVG
CEIL
CEILING
COS
COT
COUNT
DEGREES
DIV
EXP
FLOOR
GREATEST
LEAST
LN
LOG
LOG10
LOG2
MAX
MIN
MOD
PI
POW
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
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SUM
TAN
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ADDDATE
ADDTIME
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DATE
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DATE_SUB
DAY
DAYNAME
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HOUR
LAST_DAY
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MAKETIME
MICROSECOND
MINUTE
MONTH
MONTHNAME
NOW
PERIOD_ADD
PERIOD_DIFF
QUARTER
SECOND
SEC_TO_TIME
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SUBTIME
SYSDATE
TIME
TIME_FORMAT
TIME_TO_SEC
TIMEDIFF
TIMESTAMP
TO_DAYS
WEEK
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Advanced Functions
BIN
BINARY
CASE
CAST
COALESCE
CONNECTION_ID
CONV
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
DATABASE
IF
IFNULL
ISNULL
LAST_INSERT_ID
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SYSTEM_USER
USER
VERSION
SQL Server Functions
String Functions
ASCII
CHAR
CHARINDEX
CONCAT
Concat with +
CONCAT_WS
DATALENGTH
DIFFERENCE
FORMAT
LEFT
LEN
LOWER
LTRIM
NCHAR
PATINDEX
QUOTENAME
REPLACE
REPLICATE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RTRIM
SOUNDEX
SPACE
STR
STUFF
SUBSTRING
TRANSLATE
TRIM
UNICODE
UPPER
Numeric Functions
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATN2
AVG
CEILING
COUNT
COS
COT
DEGREES
EXP
FLOOR
LOG
LOG10
MAX
MIN
PI
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SQUARE
SUM
TAN
Date Functions
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
DATEADD
DATEDIFF
DATEFROMPARTS
DATENAME
DATEPART
DAY
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MONTH
SYSDATETIME
YEAR
Advanced Functions
CAST
COALESCE
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
IIF
ISNULL
ISNUMERIC
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SESSIONPROPERTY
SYSTEM_USER
USER_NAME
MS Access Functions
String Functions
Asc
Chr
Concat with &
CurDir
Format
InStr
InstrRev
LCase
Left
Len
LTrim
Mid
Replace
Right
RTrim
Space
Split
Str
StrComp
StrConv
StrReverse
Trim
UCase
Numeric Functions
Abs
Atn
Avg
Cos
Count
Exp
Fix
Format
Int
Max
Min
Randomize
Rnd
Round
Sgn
Sqr
Sum
Val
Date Functions
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DateAdd
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DatePart
DateSerial
DateValue
Day
Format
Hour
Minute
Month
MonthName
Now
Second
Time
TimeSerial
TimeValue
Weekday
WeekdayName
Year
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CurrentUser
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IsNumeric
SQL Quick Ref
TRIM() function
MySQL TRIM() function returns a string after removing all prefixes or suffixes from the given string.
Syntax:
TRIM( FROM ] str)
Arguments
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| BOTH | Indicates that prefixes from both left and right are to be removed. |
| LEADING | Indicates that only leading prefixes are to be removed. |
| TRAILING | Indicates that only trailing prefixes is to be removed. |
| remstr | The string to be removed. |
| FROM | Keyword |
| str | The actual string from where remstr is to be removed. |
Syntax Diagram:
MySQL Version: 5.6
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Example : MySQL TRIM() function
The following MySQL statement returns the string after removing the leading and trailing spaces from the given string ‘ trim ‘.
Sample Output:
mysql> SELECT TRIM(' trim ');
+----------------+
| TRIM(' trim ') |
+----------------+
| trim |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Example of MySQL TRIM() function to remove leading string
The following MySQL statement returns the string after removing the leading string ‘leading’ from the given string ‘leadingtext’.
Code:
Sample Output:
mysql> SELECT TRIM(LEADING 'leading' FROM 'leadingtext' ); +---------------------------------------------+ | TRIM(LEADING 'leading' FROM 'leadingtext' ) | +---------------------------------------------+ | text | +---------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.02 sec)
Example MySQL TRIM() function to remove trailing string
The following MySQL statement returns the string after removing the trailing string ‘trailing’ from the given string ‘texttrailing’.
Code:
Sample Output:
mysql> SELECT TRIM(TRAILING 'trailing' FROM 'texttrailing' ); +------------------------------------------------+ | TRIM(TRAILING 'trailing' FROM 'texttrailing' ) | +------------------------------------------------+ | text | +------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
Example MySQL TRIM() function removing from both side
The following MySQL statement returns the string after removing the leading and trailing string ‘leadtrail’ from the given string ‘leadtrailtextleadtrail’.
Code:
Sample Output:
mysql> SELECT TRIM(BOTH 'leadtrail' FROM 'leadtrailtextleadtrail'); +------------------------------------------------------+ | TRIM(BOTH 'leadtrail' FROM 'leadtrailtextleadtrail') | +------------------------------------------------------+ | text | +------------------------------------------------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
All String Functions
SQL References
SQL Keywords
ADD
ADD CONSTRAINT
ALTER
ALTER COLUMN
ALTER TABLE
ALL
AND
ANY
AS
ASC
BACKUP DATABASE
BETWEEN
CASE
CHECK
COLUMN
CONSTRAINT
CREATE
CREATE DATABASE
CREATE INDEX
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW
CREATE TABLE
CREATE PROCEDURE
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX
CREATE VIEW
DATABASE
DEFAULT
DELETE
DESC
DISTINCT
DROP
DROP COLUMN
DROP CONSTRAINT
DROP DATABASE
DROP DEFAULT
DROP INDEX
DROP TABLE
DROP VIEW
EXEC
EXISTS
FOREIGN KEY
FROM
FULL OUTER JOIN
GROUP BY
HAVING
IN
INDEX
INNER JOIN
INSERT INTO
INSERT INTO SELECT
IS NULL
IS NOT NULL
JOIN
LEFT JOIN
LIKE
LIMIT
NOT
NOT NULL
OR
ORDER BY
OUTER JOIN
PRIMARY KEY
PROCEDURE
RIGHT JOIN
ROWNUM
SELECT
SELECT DISTINCT
SELECT INTO
SELECT TOP
SET
TABLE
TOP
TRUNCATE TABLE
UNION
UNION ALL
UNIQUE
UPDATE
VALUES
VIEW
WHERE
MySQL Functions
String Functions
ASCII
CHAR_LENGTH
CHARACTER_LENGTH
CONCAT
CONCAT_WS
FIELD
FIND_IN_SET
FORMAT
INSERT
INSTR
LCASE
LEFT
LENGTH
LOCATE
LOWER
LPAD
LTRIM
MID
POSITION
REPEAT
REPLACE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RPAD
RTRIM
SPACE
STRCMP
SUBSTR
SUBSTRING
SUBSTRING_INDEX
TRIM
UCASE
UPPER
Numeric Functions
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATAN2
AVG
CEIL
CEILING
COS
COT
COUNT
DEGREES
DIV
EXP
FLOOR
GREATEST
LEAST
LN
LOG
LOG10
LOG2
MAX
MIN
MOD
PI
POW
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SUM
TAN
TRUNCATE
Date Functions
ADDDATE
ADDTIME
CURDATE
CURRENT_DATE
CURRENT_TIME
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
CURTIME
DATE
DATEDIFF
DATE_ADD
DATE_FORMAT
DATE_SUB
DAY
DAYNAME
DAYOFMONTH
DAYOFWEEK
DAYOFYEAR
EXTRACT
FROM_DAYS
HOUR
LAST_DAY
LOCALTIME
LOCALTIMESTAMP
MAKEDATE
MAKETIME
MICROSECOND
MINUTE
MONTH
MONTHNAME
NOW
PERIOD_ADD
PERIOD_DIFF
QUARTER
SECOND
SEC_TO_TIME
STR_TO_DATE
SUBDATE
SUBTIME
SYSDATE
TIME
TIME_FORMAT
TIME_TO_SEC
TIMEDIFF
TIMESTAMP
TO_DAYS
WEEK
WEEKDAY
WEEKOFYEAR
YEAR
YEARWEEK
Advanced Functions
BIN
BINARY
CASE
CAST
COALESCE
CONNECTION_ID
CONV
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
DATABASE
IF
IFNULL
ISNULL
LAST_INSERT_ID
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SYSTEM_USER
USER
VERSION
SQL Server Functions
String Functions
ASCII
CHAR
CHARINDEX
CONCAT
Concat with +
CONCAT_WS
DATALENGTH
DIFFERENCE
FORMAT
LEFT
LEN
LOWER
LTRIM
NCHAR
PATINDEX
QUOTENAME
REPLACE
REPLICATE
REVERSE
RIGHT
RTRIM
SOUNDEX
SPACE
STR
STUFF
SUBSTRING
TRANSLATE
TRIM
UNICODE
UPPER
Numeric Functions
ABS
ACOS
ASIN
ATAN
ATN2
AVG
CEILING
COUNT
COS
COT
DEGREES
EXP
FLOOR
LOG
LOG10
MAX
MIN
PI
POWER
RADIANS
RAND
ROUND
SIGN
SIN
SQRT
SQUARE
SUM
TAN
Date Functions
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
DATEADD
DATEDIFF
DATEFROMPARTS
DATENAME
DATEPART
DAY
GETDATE
GETUTCDATE
ISDATE
MONTH
SYSDATETIME
YEAR
Advanced Functions
CAST
COALESCE
CONVERT
CURRENT_USER
IIF
ISNULL
ISNUMERIC
NULLIF
SESSION_USER
SESSIONPROPERTY
SYSTEM_USER
USER_NAME
MS Access Functions
String Functions
Asc
Chr
Concat with &
CurDir
Format
InStr
InstrRev
LCase
Left
Len
LTrim
Mid
Replace
Right
RTrim
Space
Split
Str
StrComp
StrConv
StrReverse
Trim
UCase
Numeric Functions
Abs
Atn
Avg
Cos
Count
Exp
Fix
Format
Int
Max
Min
Randomize
Rnd
Round
Sgn
Sqr
Sum
Val
Date Functions
Date
DateAdd
DateDiff
DatePart
DateSerial
DateValue
Day
Format
Hour
Minute
Month
MonthName
Now
Second
Time
TimeSerial
TimeValue
Weekday
WeekdayName
Year
Other Functions
CurrentUser
Environ
IsDate
IsNull
IsNumeric
SQL OperatorsSQL Data TypesSQL Quick Ref
More Examples
Example
Remove whitespaces from both sides of a string:
<?php
$str = » Hello World! «;
echo «Without trim: » . $str;
echo «<br>»;
echo «With trim: » . trim($str);
?>
The HTML output of the code above will be (View Source):
<!DOCTYPE html><html>
<body>
Without trim: Hello World! <br>With trim: Hello World!
</body>
</html>
The browser output of the code above will be:
Without trim: Hello World!
With trim: Hello World!
Example
Remove newlines (\n) from both sides of the string:
<?php
$str = «\n\n\nHello World!\n\n\n»;
echo «Without trim: » . $str;
echo «<br>»;
echo «With trim: » . trim($str);
?>
The HTML output of the code above will be (View Source):
<!DOCTYPE html><html>
<body>
Without trim:
Hello World!
<br>With trim: Hello World!
</body>
</html>
The browser output of the code above will be:
Without trim: Hello World!
With trim: Hello World!
